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So, we have covered Destructive testing in my last post, now something on Non-destructive testing. There are Numerous Non-Destructive tests used to evaluate the base metal to be joined as well as completed welds. However these all NDT shares several common elements, these essential elements are summarized below: o A Source of Probing energy or […]
I’ve covered, welding and weld defect in past posts, what I missed completely is the testing of Weldments. One of the purpose of effective quality control program is to determine the suitability of a given base metal or a weld to perform its intended service. When It comes to testing, we have two type of […]
During design of pressure vessel, I came across this issue number of time. Unfortunately, ASME VIII Div.1 doesn’t give a clear picture, whether to add the undertollerance in the min. required thickness as calculated by ASME VIII Div.1 ASME VIII Div. 2, give a clear cut understanding on this issue, can clears all ambiguity. (Clause […]
To have more ‘Visual’ Clarity, visit following site! http://www.hcheattransfer.com/shell_and_tube.html Take Care!
Tube hole finish affects the mechanical strength and leak tightness of an expanded tube-to-tubesheet joint. In general: (1) A rough tube hole provides more mechanical strength than a smooth tube hole. This is influenced by a complex relationship of modulus of elasticity, yield strength and hardness of the materials being used. (2) A smooth tube […]
In the process of evaluation of U, we need to calculate various parameters. Below paragraph mentions few of them. 1. Reynolds number (Re) Reynolds number, which relates inertial forces to viscous forces and thereby characterizes the type of flow regime2. Prandtl number (Pr), which relates the thermal properties of the fluid to the conductivity of […]
Ok, TEMA Ninth edition is here. Other Than complete change in Page Indexing (Page number), Following are note worthy changes from eigth edition : Followings are Prominent Changes and Listed at TEMA website 1. New rules for flexible shell elements (expansion joints), which are based on a Finite Element Analysis (FEA) approach. 2. Tables for […]
Next step, do a detailing. To Calculate LMTD, we need to understand the flow and type of process (Isothermal or not) Generally we have complication, when either of fluid is showing isothermal characteristics. see the following variation. Two fluids are separated by a heat transfer surface (wall), these fluids ideally do not mix, and there […]
Heat Exchanger nomenclature & Designation:The name is splited in three portions e.g 23-192-BEM 1st Position : 23 : Defines, ID of Vessel2nd Position : 192 : Defines, Tube length3rd Position : BEM : it further splited in three parts as per fing N-1.2e.g B-E-M, the 1st section, defines the Type of Front head (B for […]
The 3rd Step in Heat exchanger design a preliminary estimate of the size of the exchanger is made,using a heat-transfer coefficient appropriate to the fluids, the process,and the equipment. Generally we can get reference from various resources listed below, either expected heat flux (W/m2) or range of heat transfer co-efficient. based on this information, we can […]